Earthwa kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ - Whitewa Whitewa

01 Agba nke ụwa

Ebe a na-ahụkwu tebụl ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-efe efe na mbara igwe, na-ezigakwu foto nke ụwa. Anyị na-akọwa onwe anyị dị ka mbara ala na-acha anụnụ anụnụ n'ihi na ndị oke osimiri kpuchiri mpaghara 70% nke mpaghara ụwa. Ka ụwa na-ekpo ọkụ, ọnụego glaciers nke dị n'ebe ugwu na ndịda na-eme ihe ike, ọkwa oké osimiri ga-aga n'ihu na-ebili, na-ekpochapụ ala. N'ọdịnihu, mpaghara oke osimiri ga-ebu ibu, ihu igwe nke ụwa ga-enwekwa mgbagwoju anya. N'afọ a dị ọkụ nke ukwuu, afọ na-esote, na-ajụ oyi, afọ tupu nke ikpeazụ kpọrọ nkụ, na afọ mgbe mmiri ozuzo na-aga nke ọma. Anyị niile na-ekwu na ụwa fọrọ nke nta ka anyị ghara ibi ndụ ụmụ mmadụ, mana n'eziokwu, nke a bụ naanị obere mgbanwe nke ụwa. N'agbanyeghị iwu na ndị agha nke okike, ụmụ mmadụ abụghị ihe efu.

Ebe a na-ahụkwu tebụl ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-efe efe na mbara igwe, na-ezigakwu foto nke ụwa. Anyị na-akọwa onwe anyị dị ka mbara ala na-acha anụnụ anụnụ n'ihi na ndị oke osimiri kpuchiri mpaghara 70% nke mpaghara ụwa. Ka ụwa na-ekpo ọkụ, ọnụego glaciers nke dị n'ebe ugwu na ndịda na-eme ihe ike, ọkwa oké osimiri ga-aga n'ihu na-ebili, na-ekpochapụ ala. N'ọdịnihu, mpaghara oke osimiri ga-ebu ibu, ihu igwe nke ụwa ga-enwekwa mgbagwoju anya. N'afọ a dị ọkụ nke ukwuu, afọ na-esote, na-ajụ oyi, afọ tupu nke ikpeazụ kpọrọ nkụ, na afọ mgbe mmiri ozuzo na-aga nke ọma. Anyị niile na-ekwu na ụwa fọrọ nke nta ka anyị ghara ibi ndụ ụmụ mmadụ, mana n'eziokwu, nke a bụ naanị obere mgbanwe nke ụwa. N'agbanyeghị iwu na ndị agha nke okike, ụmụ mmadụ abụghị ihe efu.

N'afọ 1992, Joseph Kirschvink, onye prọfesọ Geoology na teknụzụ Callornia na teknụzụ California, buru ụzọ jiri okwu ahụ bụ "snowwall ụwa ka mma ma mee ka ọ dịkwuo mma ma ka mma. Vallballwa bụ hyphothesis nke na-enweghị ike ikpebisi ike ugbu a, na-akọwapụta ogo ice kachasị sie ike na akụkọ ụwa. Ọnọdụ ihu igwe nke ụwa siri ezigbo ike, nke okpomọkụ zuru ụwa ọnụ celsius, ruo n'ókè nke ụwa dị oke mma na elu elu ahụ.

02 mkpuchi ice nke ụwa

Eluigwe nwere ike mere na neproterozoic (ihe dị ka ijeri 1-6 afọ gara aga), nke oge profaozomic nke promplambrian. Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụwa dị ogologo oge ochie. Ekwuru na mbụ na ọtụtụ nde afọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmadụ bụ nanị anya nke anya maka ụwa. Anyị na-echekarị na ụwa dị ugbu a pụrụ iche n'okpuru mgbanwe mmadụ, mana n'eziokwu, ọ bụghị ihe ọ bụla maka ụwa na ndụ. Mesozoic, Onye-nwe ụlọ, nke a na-akpọkarị Erik 4 nke afọ 46 afọ nke afọ 46 afọ bụ oge pụrụ iche nke ndụ n'ụwa.

N'oge oge snowwallwa, a na-eji snoo na ice kpuchie ala ahụ kpamkpam, na-enweghị oke osimiri ma ọ bụ ala. Ná mmalite nke oge a, enwere naanị otu nnukwu ala n'ụwa a na-akpọ supercontic (Rodinia) dị nso na a na-ekwu okwu, na mpaghara ndị ọzọ bụ oke osimiri. Mgbe ụwa nọ na steeti na-arụ ọrụ, ugwu na-agbọpụta ọkụ na-ebilite, ọtụtụ nkume na agwaetiti pụtara n'elu osimiri, mpaghara ahụ na-agbasa. Carbon dioxide na-eme ka ugwu na-agbọpụ ọkụ na-ekpuchi ụwa, na -emepụta griin haus. Gburugburu ndị ahụ, dị ka ugbu a, na-etinye uche na okporo osisi ndị dị n'akụkụ ugwu, enweghị ike ikpuchi ala dị nso. Dị ka ọrụ ụwa si arụ ọrụ, mgbawa ugwu na-amalite ibelata, na ego carbon dioxide na ikuku amalitekwa ibelata. Onye nyere aka dị mkpa iji nweta carbon dioxide bụ oke ihu igwe. Dabere na nhazi nke ịnweta ịnweta, okwute bụ nke kewara na nkume dị elu na nkume carbonate. Stocky Rocks na-enweta ikuku na-egbu egbu, wee chekwaa CO2 n'ụdị Caco3, na-akpụzi oge carbon micbon na-eme (> nde afọ 1). Carbonate nkume nwekwara ike itinye CO2 site na ikuku, na-etolite oge dị mkpụmkpụ carbon sink (<100000 afọ) n'ụdị hc3-.

Nke a bụ usoro doro anya. Mgbe ego nke carbon dioxide na-eme ka oke ikuku na-agbọpụ ọkụ na ikuku na-amalite ngwa ngwa, ruo mgbe ọkụkụ griin haus juru eju na-amalite ịtụfu. Glaciers na okporo osisi abụọ nke ụwa na-amalite ịgbasa n'enweghị nsogbu. Dika mpaghara nke glaciers na-abawanye, enwere otutu ihe na-acha ọcha n'elu uwa, ma na-egosipụta ìhè anyanwụ n'ime oghere site na mbara igwe na-agbadata na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na-agbada ma na-eme ka e guzobe ọkwa. Onu ogugu nke glaciers na-abawanye - karia anwụ na-egosi - ịmịghe - karịa glaciers. Na usoro a, ịba akwụkwọ na poles abụọ jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agwọ ya na kọntinent dị n'akụkụ mita 3000, kechie ụwa kpamkpam n'ime bọl nke ice na snow. N'oge a, a na-ebelata mmetụta dị elu nke oke mmiri n'elu ụwa, ikuku wee kpọọ nkụ. Ìhè anyanwụ na-enwu n'elu ụwa n'atụghị egwu, ma megharia ya. Ike nke radieshon radieshon na udu mmiri oyi mere ka ọ ghara ịdị na-agaghị adị n'ụwa. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ezo aka n'ụwa ka ọtụtụ ijeri afọ dị ka 'Whitewa White' ma ọ bụ 'ụwa snowlell'

03 na agbaze nke ụwa snow

N'ọnwa gara aga, mgbe m gwara ndị enyi m okwu banyere ụwa n'oge a, mmadụ jụrụ m, 'dị ka usoro a si dị kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ. Olee otú o si mesịa? '? Nke a bụ nnukwu iwu nke okike na ike nke ịrụzi onwe ya.

Ka ụwa, ikuku kpuchiri ụwa kpamkpam ruo 3000 mita, okwute na ikuku dịpụrụ adịpụ, okwute enweghị ike ịmịcha carbon dioxide site na ihu igwe. Agbanyeghị, ọrụ ụwa n'onwe ya ka na-eduga na mgbawa ugwu, jiri nwayọ na-atọhapụ carbon dioxide na ikuku. Dabere na ịgbakọ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, ọ bụrụ na anyị chọrọ ka anyị bụrụ ice na mbara igwe iji gbazee, ịta ihe karịrị afọ 13% nke ikuku (ugbu a na mmụba a dị nwayọ. O were ihe dị ka afọ iri atọ maka ikuku nke ụwa iji chịkọta carbon na methane, na-akpụzi utoojoo griin. Glakirs malitere ịgbaze, kọntinenti ahụ na-anọchi akwa ahụ malitere ikpughere ice. Ala ndị a na-ekpughe bụ ọchịchịrị na agba karịa ice, na-atọ ụtọ karịa anyanwụ na-ebute ezigbo nzaghachi. Okpomoku nke uwa abawanye, glaciers belatara, na -echekwa oke okwute, na-ekpuchiwanye elu, na-enwekwa ka mmiri na - esighi ike ... na ụwa na - amaliteghachite!

N'ọnwa gara aga, mgbe m gwara ndị enyi m okwu banyere ụwa n'oge a, mmadụ jụrụ m, 'dị ka usoro a si dị kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ. Olee otú o si mesịa? '? Nke a bụ nnukwu iwu nke okike na ike nke ịrụzi onwe ya.

Ka ụwa, ikuku kpuchiri ụwa kpamkpam ruo 3000 mita, okwute na ikuku dịpụrụ adịpụ, okwute enweghị ike ịmịcha carbon dioxide site na ihu igwe. Agbanyeghị, ọrụ ụwa n'onwe ya ka na-eduga na mgbawa ugwu, jiri nwayọ na-atọhapụ carbon dioxide na ikuku. Dabere na ịgbakọ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, ọ bụrụ na anyị chọrọ ka anyị bụrụ ice na mbara igwe iji gbazee, ịta ihe karịrị afọ 13% nke ikuku (ugbu a na mmụba a dị nwayọ. O were ihe dị ka afọ iri atọ maka ikuku nke ụwa iji chịkọta carbon na methane, na-akpụzi utoojoo griin. Glakirs malitere ịgbaze, kọntinenti ahụ na-anọchi akwa ahụ malitere ikpughere ice. Ala ndị a na-ekpughe bụ ọchịchịrị na agba karịa ice, na-atọ ụtọ karịa anyanwụ na-ebute ezigbo nzaghachi. Okpomoku nke uwa abawanye, glaciers belatara, na -echekwa oke okwute, na-ekpuchiwanye elu, na-enwekwa ka mmiri na - esighi ike ... na ụwa na - amaliteghachite!

Ihe mgbagwoju anya nke iwu eke uwa na ulo oru di elu nke uwa karia nghọta anyi na ima. Mmụba na ikuku nke ikuku na-eduga na okpomoku zuru ụwa ọnụ, na okpomọkụ dị elu na-eme ka kemịkasị nke nkume dị elu. Ọnụ ego CO2 na-etinye aka na ikuku na-abawanye, si otú a na-egbochi uto ngwa ngwa CO2 na ibute usoro jụrụ, na-akpụ usoro nzaghachi na-adịghị mma. N'aka nke ọzọ, mgbe okpomọkụ nke ụwa dị ala, ike nke kemịkalụ kemịkalụ dịkwa na ọkwa dị ala, yana flux nke ịmịkọrọ ikuku na-atọ ụtọ. N'ihi ya, Co2 na-eme ihe omume na-eme mkpọtụ na Rock Oftamorphism nwere ike ịkpakọ, na-akwalite mmepe nke ụwa ruo na ọ dị oke ọkụ ma na-egbochi ịdị ala.

Mgbanwe a, nke a na-atụlekarị n'ọtụtụ ijeri afọ, abụghị ihe mmadụ nwere ike ịchịkwa. Dị ka ndị nkịtị nke okike, ihe anyị kwesịrị ime karịa ka ha na-eme mgbanwe ma kwekọọ n'iwu ya, kama ịgbanwe ọdịdị. Ikpuchido gburugburu na ndu ndu bu ihe mmadu nile kwesiri ime, ma oburu na anyi gha agha ihu.